ssZh¯nð \nópÅ thÀ]mSv A\pcRvP\w CñmXm¡póp. ssZh¯nð \nópw AIó Imbo³ ktlmZcs\ sImñpóp. Cós¯ temIw hfscb[nIw `nón¨ncn¡póp. Imbo³ lmt_ens\ sImóXpapXð Cótbmfw ]ckv]cw sImñphm\pÅ hy{KXbmWv a\pjy\pÅXv. temIs¯ apgph\mbpw Dòqe\miw sN¿m³ aXnbmb ansskepIfpw aÁp \ioIcW Bbp[§fpw h³cm{ã§fpsS ssIIfnepïv. CXv temIs¯ apgph\mbpw `bs¸Sp¯póp. cm{ãob aÞe§fnepÅ A´Àt±iob `nóXIÄ Hcp hi¯v iàambncn¡pt¼mÄ ]ckv]c A\pcRvP\w Dïmt¡ï k`bnse `nóX AXn\pa¸pd¯mWv. \mw ]t{Xmknsâ teJ\¯nð hmbn¡póXv k`, "\n§tfm AÔImc¯nð \nóp Xs³d AÛpX{]Imi¯nte¡p \n§sf hnfn¨hs³d kðKpW§sf tLmjn¸m´¡h®w XncsªSp¡s¸« Hcp PmXnbpw cmPIob ]ptcmlnXhÀ¤hpw hnip²hwihpw kz´P\hpw BIpóp.' (1 ]s{Xmkv 2:9), Fós{X. Hcp PmXn,. cïp PmXnbnñ. cïp PmXnbptSXmb Hcp ssZhimkv{Xanñ. Ft^kyÀs¡gpXnb teJ\w Aôpw Bdpw A²ymb§fnð Ggp {]mhiyw "Hóv' Fóp ImWmw. "Hcp IÀ¯mhv, Hcp ssZhw' þ ]m]w sImïmWv `nóXbpïmIpóXv. A\pcRvP\w DïmIWsa¦nð `nóXbpïm¡pó ]m]s¯¡pdn¨v \mw a\Ênem¡Ww.

ssZh¯nð\nópw AIó a\pjys\ ssZh¯n¦te¡p XncnsIs¡mïphcphm³ ainlmX¼pcm³ temI¯nte¡p hóp. Xsâ cïp ssIIfpw Ccphit¯¡p \o«nbncn¡póXv temIs¯ apgph\mbn Xónð Hóm¡phm\mWv. AXp a\knem¡nb he¯p`mKs¯ Ių B I¿nð Ibdn¸nSn¨p c£bnte¡p hóp. AXp a\knem¡m¯ CSXp`mKs¯ Ių \mi¯nte¡pt]mbn. Cópw IÀ¯mhnsâ ssI \o«s¸«ncn¡póp. B I¿nð ]nSn¨v ]dpZok AhImis¸Spt¯ï a\pjy³ CSXp`mKs¯ IÅs\t¸mse ssZh¯nð\nópw AIepóXmWv Fñm {]iv\§fpsSbpw ASnØm\ ImcWw. ]m]¯nsâ ^eamWv `nóXsbópw A\pcRvP\w c£bpsS A\p`hamsWópw \mw a\Ênem¡Ww. "i{Xp¡fmbncn¡pt¼mÄ Xtó \ap¡p Ahs³d ]p{Xs³d acW¯mð ssZht¯mSp \nc¸p hóp F¦nepw \ncó tijw \mw Ahs³d Poh\mð F{X A[nIambn c£n¡s¸Spw.' (tdmaÀ 5:10) tbiphnsâ acWw tbiphnsâ Poh\nte¡p \s½ \bn¡phm\mbn«mWv. tbiphnsâ {Iqins\¡qSmsX A\pcRvP\w km²yañ.

hnhmltamN\w t\Sphm\mbn tImSXnsb kao]n¨ Z¼XnamcpsS Hcp IY tIÄ¡phm\nSbmbn. `mcybpw `À¯mhpw X½nð ]nW¡ambn. Hcpan¨p Pohn¡phm³ AhÀ¡p km²yañm¯ Hcp AhØ hóp. Ccphcpw ]ncnbphm³ Xocpam\n¨p. Fómð AhÀ¡ncphÀ¡pw {]nbs¸« aIs\ X\n¡p thWsaóv cïpt]cpw AhImihmZapóbn¨p. tImSXnbnð CcphcpsSbpw h¡oeòmÀ D{Kambn hmZn¨p sImïncn¡pt¼mÄ B aI³ Hcp ssIsImïv ]nXmhnsâ Igp¯nepw asÁ ssIsImïv amXmhnsâ I¿nepw ]nSn¨psImïv, ]¸m, a½o, Fóp hnfn¨psImtïbncpóp. CXp Iï PUvPn tNmZn¨p: "Rm³ B ]nôpssI hnSphn¡mtam', Fóv. B ]nôpIpªnsâ hn[n A\pkcn¸m³ Ahsc D]tZin¨p. AhÀ H¯ptNÀóv hnhmltamN\t¡kv d±m¡phm³ Bhiys¸«p. A§s\ AhÀ kvt\lambn Ignªp FóXmWv IY. B ]nôpIpªnsâ ssIIÄ ainlmX¼pcmsâ \o«s¸« Ic§Ä¡p kZriyamWv. ainlm Hcp Icw \½psSt\sc \o«pt¼mÄ asÁ Icw ]nXmhmw ssZh¯n\pt\sc \o«póp. temIt¯bpw ssZht¯bpw X½nð cRvPn¸n¡pó IÀ½amWv ainlmX¼pcm³ \nÀÆln¨Xv.

hnip² thZ]pkvXI¯nð DS\ofw IpcnimWv tI{µ_nµp. {IqineqsS am{XamWv ainlm temIs¯ Hóm¡phm³ {ian¨Xv. k`¡pw {IqineqsS am{Xta temI¯nð Hcp A\pcRvP\w Dïm¡phm³ km[n¡p. "Ah³ \½psS kam[m\w; Ah³ Ccp]£s¯bpw Hóm¡n, N«§fpw Iev]\Ifpamb \ymb{]amWw Fó i{XpXzw Xs³d PU¯mð \o¡n thÀ]mSns³d \Sp¨phÀ CSn¨p IfªXp kam[m\w Dïm¡ns¡mïp Ccp ]£s¯bpw Xónð Htc ]pXpa\pjy\m¡n krãn¸m\pw {Iqintòð sh¨p i{XpXzw CñmXm¡n AXn\mð Ccp]£s¯bpw GIicoc¯nð ssZht¯mSp \nc¸n¸m\pw Xtó.' (Fs^kyÀ 2:14þ16) "Hcp¯³ {InkvXphnembmð Ah³ ]pXnb krãn BIpóp; ]gbXp Ignªp t]mbn, CXm, AXp ]pXpXmbn¯oÀóncn¡póp.' (2 sImcn´yÀ 5:17) cïns\ Hóm¡nbmð ]nsó cïnñ, HtóbpÅp, Hcp ]pXnb krãn am{Xw. {Iqip apJm´ncw temIhpw Hcp ]pXnb krãnbmIWw. {InkvXphmWv \½psS kam[m\w. {InkvXphn\p tI{µØm\w \ðIpI FóXmWv k`bpsS Hómas¯ ISa. \nÀ`mKyhimð k` {InkvXphnð\nópw hfscb[nIw AIópt]mbn FóXmWv hkvXpX. \mw C¡me¯v BtLmjn¡pó {InkvXphnsâ P\\s¸cp\mÄt]mepw tltdmtZknsâ P\\s¸cp\mfmbn amdnbncn¡bmWv. ]pð¡q«nð P\n¨ tbiphpambn bmsXmcp _Ôhpanñm¯ {InkvXpakv BtLmjw. þ aZy]m\hpw \r¯hpapÅ, tbmlóm³ kv\m]IòmcpsS Xe sIm¿pó tltdmtZknsâ P\\s¸cpómfmtLmj§fmWv.

{InkvXphns\ FhnsStbm Dt]£n¨n«p aptóm«pt]mIpó Hcp _qÀjm k`bmWnópÅXv. Ccp]£t¯bpw Hóm¡nb {Iqinsâ XymKhp kvt\lhpw tbmPn¸pw FhnsStbm Ifªp t]mbncn¡póp. Hcp sIm¨pIp«n¡v {InkvXpakn\p In«nb k½m\w tbmk^nsâbpw adnbmansâbpw CSbòmcpsSbpw hnZzòmcpsSbpw IópIfpsSbpw aÁpw cq]§fS§nb Hcp s]«nbmbncpóp. Ah³ AXpwsImïv In³UÀKmÀ«³ kvIqfnð t]mbn kvt\lnXsc AXp ImWn¨p. HSphnð Hcp Znhkw ]pð¡psSmc¡pt¼mÄ Ah³ hnZzmòmscbpw tbmk^nt\bpw adnbmant\bpw Hs¡ {]XnjvTn¨p. Ah³ t\m¡nbt¸mÄ Fñm {]XnaIfpw Dïv, Fómð tbip¡pªns\ am{Xw Iïnñ. \ncmi\mbn Ip«n A½tbmSp ]dªp: "a½n, Fñmw Dïv, Fómð tbip¡ªpam{Xw Cñ.' tbiphns\ \ãs¸Sp¯nb Hcp k`bpsS Nn{XamWv \mw ChnsS ImWpóXv.

]Xn\mdmw \qÁmïns\ \hoIcW¯nsâ \qÁmsïópw, ]Xnt\gv, ]Xns\«v, ]s¯m³]Xv \qÁmïpIsf anjtâbpw `nóXIfptSbpw \qÁmsïópw, Ccp]Xmw \qÁmïns\ k`m ]p\sscIy¯nsâ (FIypsa\nkw) \qÁmsïópw hntijn¸n¨ncn¡póp. F´psImïmWnXv? k`bpsS BtKmfhfÀ¨bpsS Ime¯v `nóXIÄ Dïmbn. Hcp k`bv¡v asÁmcp k`sb IïpIqSm, ]ckv]cw Bfp ]nSn¯amWv. k`bpsS tbmPn¸pw kvt\lhpw ap³ \qÁmïpIfnð \ãs¸«p. Fómð FIypsa\n¡ð sFIyho£WanñmsX Hcp k`bv¡pw kzb\ne\nð¸nsñóp Ccp]Xmw \qÁmïmbt¸mtg¡pw k`IÄ Xncn¨dnªp. AXpsImïmWv hneyw sÁ¼nÄ Cu \qÁmïns\ FIypsa\nk¯nsâ \qÁmsïóp hntijn¸n¨Xv. tPm¬ amÀ¸m¸ cïma³ h¯n¡m³ Iu¬kneneqsS FIypsa\nk¯nsâ P\epIÄ Xpdóp.

Hmdnbâð HmÀ¯tUmIvkv k`IÄ AômWv. (tIm]vÁn¡v, kndnb³, C³Uy³, AÀ½o\nb³, FtXym]y³) ss_ksâ³ HmÀ¯tUmIvkv k`IÄ Ccp]Xnð]capïv. tdma³ It¯men¡ k` ]eXmbn«psï¦nepw Fñmw amÀ¸m¸mtbmSpÅ `ànbnð GXmïv Htc \nebnð \ne\nð¡póp. k`IÄ X½nð Hón¡WsaópÅXmWv ssZh¯nsâ Cãw. AXn\p Rm³ ImWpó amÀ¤w {Iqin¦te¡pÅ Hcp klbm{XbmWv. {Iqinsâ {]Xymibnð\nópw IncoS¯nsâ Bibnte¡pÅ k`bpsS ]memb\amWv Fñm `nón¸pIÄ¡pw ImcWambXv. Fñm k`Ifqw {Iqiñ IncoSamWv tamln¡póXv. hnip² {XnXz¯nemWv k`IfpsS ]p\sscIy sImfoPnbmenÁn.

k` kzba\Êm Zcn{Zamsb¦nð am{Xta k`bnð tbmPn¸pïmIbpÅp. Hcp k¼ók`bv¡v temI¯nð tbmPn¸pïm¡phm³ km²yañ. apXemfn¯ hyhØnXnbpïm¡nb Zmcn{Zys¯¡pdn¨ñ ChnsS Dt±in¨Xv. hyhØ krãn¡pó Zmcn{Zyw \oNXzhpw kphntij kvt\l¯mð kzbw kzoIcn¡pó Zmcn{Zyw DZm¯hpw BWv. kzbw ]cnXymK¯neqsS k` Zcn{ZamIWw. F\ns¡´p In«psaóXñ {]iv\w. F\ns¡´p sImSp¡phm³ Ignbpsaó Nn´bpïmIWw. kzbw XymKw kln¡phm³ IgnbmsX k`bv¡v tbmPn¸pïmIbnñ. kzbw I¯nsbcnªp \ofw IpdbmsX sagpIpXncn¡v {]Imiw ]c¯phm³ IgnbpIbnñ.

F. Un. 313þemWv ane³ {]Jym]\w [Edict of Milan] DïmbXv. anem³ {]Jym]\apïmbt¸mÄ tdmamkm{¼mPy¯nð ]¯p iXam\w {InkvXym\nIfmWpïmbncpóXv. B ]¯p iXam\w BbXpXsó ]oVbpsS \SphnemWv. ]oVb\p`hn¡póhcpsS ss[cyhpw {]XymibpwIïv ]oVn¸n¨hÀ ]ecpw {InkvXym\nIfmbn. Fómð \memw \qÁmïnsâ Bcw`¯nð tIm¬kvÁssâ³ N{IhÀ¯n {InkvXnbm\nbmbtXmsS ]oVbhkm\n¨p. DóXtPmenIÄ {InkvXym\nIÄ¡v \ðIn. Øm\hpw am\hpw AhÀ¡p e`n¨p. Xòqew At\Imbnc§Ä k`bnte¡mIÀjn¡s¸«p. Aóp apXð k` `uXnIambn hfcphm³ XpS§n. AtXmsS k`bpsS BßobXfÀ¨¡pw XpS¡w Ipdn¨p. FXmïv sXm®qdp iXam\t¯mfw {InkvXym\nIfpambn k` tdmamkm{¼mPy¯nð hfÀóp. k`bnð temIabXzw ISópIqSn. AtXmSpIqSn k`bnð `nón¸pïmbn. k` tbmPn¡phm\pÅ BZyamÀ¤w {Iqinsâ amÀ¤amWv. BZna k\ymknamscñmw Zmcn{Zyw kkt´mjw kzoIcn¨hcmWv.

{XnXz¯nsâ amXrIbnð tbmPn¸p km²yam¡pI FóXmWv cïmas¯ amÀ¤w. "\o Fsó Ab¨ncn¡póp Fóp temIw hnizkn¸m³ AhÀ Fñmhcpw HómtIïXnóp, ]nXmth, \o Fónepw Rm³ \nónepw BIpóXpt]mse Ahcpw \½nð BtIïXnóp Xtó. \o F\n¡p Xón«pÅ alXzw Rm³ AhÀ¡p sImSp¯ncn¡póp:' (tbmlóm³ 17:21þ22) {XnXzkXyw ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw ]cnip²dqlmbpw hyXykvXcmbncn¡pótXmsSm¸w Hópw kahpamWv FóXs{X. ]nXmhv P\n¸n¡póp, P\n¡pónñ; ]p{X³ P\n¡póp, P\n¸n¡pónñ; ]cnip²dqlm ]pds¸Spóp, P\n¡bpw P\n¸n¡bpw sN¿pónñ. Cu hyXymkapsï¦nepw kmcmwi¯nepw \nXyXbnepw kaXz¯nepw HómWv. {XnXzm[njvTnXamb Hcp k` DïmIWw. {XnXzm[njvTnXañm¯ "]ncanUn¡ð ssldmÀ¡n' ¡v [Pyramidical hierarchy] Cu \qÁmïnse k`sb Hóm¡m³ km[n¡bnñ. AXn\mð ]ncanUmbn«ñ, kmaqly sImfnPnbmenÁnbnð [Social collegiality] k`IÄ tbmPn¡Ww.

A\pcRvPn¸v F´nð\nómWv FóXpw Nn´\obamWv. {InkvXphn¦te¡p hcpóXn\pap¼v \mw FhnsSbmbncpópshóv Ft^kyteJ\w cïmw A²ymb¯nð hnhcn¨n«pïsñm. ssZhw ]IpXn hgn hcnI, \mw ]IpXn hgn sNñpI; Fón«p tbmPn¡mw Fó ]cn]mSn \S¡nñ. ssZhw am\hoIcn¡s¸« {InkvXphnsâ AcnInte¡v Fñmhcpw hcmsX tbmPn¸v Akm²yamWv. {InkvXphn¦te¡p hcpóXn\p ap¼v \mw FhnsS Bbncpóp?

1. ]cntÑZ\bnñm¯ A{KNÀ½nIfmbncpóp. (A]cntÑZ\¡mÀ)
2. {InkvXphns\ Adnbm¯hcmbncpóp.
3. bn{kmtbð ]ucXtbmSp kw_Ôanñm¯hcmbncpóp
4. DS¼SnbpsS hmKvZ¯¯nð A]cnNnXÀ Bbncpóp.
5. {]Xymibnñm¯hcmbncpóp.
6. temI¯nð ssZhanñm¯hcmbncpóp.
7. hnZqcØcmbncpóp.
8. A\ycpw ]ctZinIfpambncpóp.

Ccp«nð\nópw ]pXpa\pjyXz¯nte¡mWv \s½ tbmPn¸n¨ncn¡póXv. ]cnip²mß ssNX\yapÅ k`bnð Hcp Ipªns\ amtamZokm ap¡n tNÀ¯pIgnbpt¼mÄ Ah³ ]pXpa\pjy\mIpIbmWv. "Ah³ \½psS kam[m\w; Ah³ Ccp]£t¯bpw Hóm¡n.' A§s\sb¦nð ]pXpa\pjy\mbmð kam[m\¯nð hcWw. F´mWv kam[m\w? bp²¯nsâ Cñmbvabñ kam[m\w; adn¨v ssZh¯nsâ kmón²yamWv kam[m\w. {InkvXphnsâ kmón²y¯nepÅ kam[m\w F´mWv? {Iqinð InSóv Xm³ {]mÀ°n¨sX´msWóv \apt¡hÀ¡pw kp]cnNnXamWsñm!

"[mXmth ]m] ss]imNnI lrZbsamSoþ
¡q«sctómSp sN¿ptóXm h³
{IqcIrXyw I\nthmSp s]mdpt¡WsatómXn aµw.
lm! X¦ssIIÄ cïpw Xncpþ
hpSepaXm {IqineÀ¸n¨p Itïm InS¡póp
kIsseI kap²mcI³ {InkvXptZh³'

{Iqinse thZ\bnð In«pó kam[m\amWv ssZhkmón[y¯nepÅ kam[m\w. Ic IhnsªmgpIpó \ZnbneqsS IS ]pgIn hosWmgpIpó acs¡m¼nð Ccpóv ]mSpó ]£nsb kam[m\¯nsâ {]XoIambn Nn{XImcòmÀ hcbv¡mdpïsñm? Cu temIkap{Z¯nð Ft¸mgpapïmIpó AhØbnð {]iv\§fpsSbpw {]Xn_Ô§fpsSbpw a²y¯nð ssZhs¯ ]mSnkvXpXn¡pó kam[m\wþ AXmWv bYmÀ° kam[m\w. _m¦nse an¨w tZioIcn¨mepw, a¡sfms¡ acn¨mepw, aXm]nXm¡Ä acn¨mepw ]mSm³ Ignbpó kam[m\w. henb amÀ _tkentbmkns\ ]oVn¸n¡phm³ cmPIð¸\bpambn ]«mf¡mc³ hóp `ojWns¸Sp¯n. "\nsâ kz¯p apgph³ IïpsI«psaóp' ]dªt¸mgpw "Fsâ kzs¯ñmw Rm³ ]mh§Ä¡p sImSp¯p, C\nbpw DÅXv thZ]pkvXIhpw aÁp Nne Bßob {KÙ§fpw am{XamWv, AXp IïpsI«n sImïpt]mbn hmbn¨p \n§Ä a\w Xncnbpsó¦nð AXp [\yambn Rm³ IcpXpóp.' \nsó PbneneS¡psaóp ]dªt¸mÄ, "AsX\n¡p hfsc kt´mjw, ssZhkwkÀ¤¯n\pÅ Ahkcambn Rm\Xns\ ImWpóp.' \nsó \mSpIS¯psaóp ]dªt¸mÄ, "\n§Ä Fsó FhnsS \mSpIS¯m\mWv Fñm \mSpw Fsâ ssZh¯nsâ hIbmWv.' "\nsâ IpSseSp¡pw' Fóp ]dªt¸mÄ, "AXp Ct¸mÄ Ccn¡pónS¯v F\n¡p thZ\ XcpóXn\mð FSp¡póXv F\n¡p Gsd \óv, thKw F\n¡v Fsâ ]nXmhnsâ ASp¯v F¯masñm.' FónXymXn ]dªXmbn«mWv At±l¯nsâ PohNcn{X¯nð tcJs¸Sp¯nbncn¡póXv.v ssZhhpambn A\pcRvP\w {]m]n¨ Hcphsâ kam[m\ Nn´bmWv \manhnsS ImWpóXv. kz¯pw kpJhpañ, AhÀ¡p {]iv\w: ssZhamWv AhÀ¡p GÁhpw {][m\w. kam[m\¯nsâ GI DdhbmWXv.

hnip² IpÀºm\ A\p`h¯neqsS k` {InkvXphnsâ icocamIWwþ ssZthãw {]hÀ¯n¡pó ssZhicocw.

ew_hpw kam´chpamb [Vertical and Horizontal] tbmPn¸mWv {Iqinð \mw ImWpóXv. i{XpXsbñmw XoÀ¯v ktlmZc\pambpw ssZhhpambpw A\pcRvP\s¸SpI. hnip² IpÀºm\bÀ¸W¯n\p ap¼mbn ktlmZc\pambn \nc¸mIWw. "\ns³d hgn]mSp AhnsS bmK]oT¯ns³d ap¼nð sht¨¨p, HómaXp sNóp ktlmZct\mSp \ncópsImÄI; ]nsó hóp \ns³d hgn]mSp Ign¡.' (a¯mbn 5:24)

temI¯nsebpw k`bnsebpw `nóX amdWsa¦nð kz¯p¡Ä GhÀ¡pw \ymbambn e`n¡Ww. ]nXmhnsâ kz¯ntòð a¡Ä¡p Xpeyamb AhImiapïv. kzÀ¤Ø\mb ]nXmhnsâ kz¯v Ahsâ a¡Ä¡p Xpeyambn e`n¡m¯nSt¯mfw Imew ]ckv]chntZzjhpw Akqbbpw \ne\nð¡pw. Hmtcm IpSpw_mwKhpw A²zm\n¡póXv Ah\h\pthïnbmbncn¡msX IpSpw_¯n\papgph\pw thïnbmbncn¡Ww. Hcp k`m IpSpw_¯nð [\hm\pw Zcn{Z\pw AcpXv. ssZhhpw Xsâ krãnbpw Fñm hyànIÄ¡papïv. \nc¸nsâ ip{iqj sshZnIÀ¡p am{Xañ Fñm hyànIÄ¡papïv. `nón¨ncn¡póhsc tbmPn¸n¡phm³ Hcp am²yaamWv thZ]pkvXIw. \nc¸nsâ hN\w FómWv AXnsâ t]cpXsó. \nc¸nsâ ip{iqjbmWv hnip² IqZmi. ssZht¯mSp \nc¡pIsbómð ssZthãw A\pkcn¨v k`mwK§sfñmw {]hÀ¯n¡pI FómWv.

"{InkvXphnt\mSp tNcphm³ kv\m\w Gäncn¡pó \n§Ä Fñmhcpw {InkvXphns\ [cn¨ncn¡póp. AXnð sblqZ\pw bh\\pw Fónñ; Zmk\pw kzX{´\pw Fónñ, BWpw s]®pw Fópanñ; \n§Ä Fñmhcpw {InkvXptbiphnð Hót{X.' (KemXyÀ 3:27þ28) hÀ¤ hÀ® PmXn hnthN\amWv cRvPn¸n\p FXncmbn \nð¡pó henb Hcp hne§pXSn. ]pXp{InkvXym\nsb Cópw hnthN\m at\m`mht¯mSpIqSn ImWpó ]mc¼cyw ]e {InkvXym\nIÄ¡papïv. ]e cmPy§fnepw ]tcm£amsb¦nepw hÀ®hnthN\w \ne\nð¡póp.

apXemfnbpw sXmgnemfnbpw Fó hyhØnXnbpw cïp PmXnIsf krãn¡póp. Ht\knsamkns\ ktlmZcs\t¸mse kzoIcn¡phm\mWsñm ]utemkv Çolm ^ntemtam\v FgpXpóXv: ktlmZc³ Zmk\ñ. \ap¡mbn tdmUv ÁmÀ sN¿póh\pw ]md s]m«n¡póh\pw tXm«¯nð tPmen sN¿póh\pw \½psS ktlmZcòmcmWv.

"BWpw s]®psaónñ' þ kv{Xo]pcpj hyXymkw Pohimkv{X]cw am{XamWv; {InkvXphnð kv{Xosbtóm ]pcpjs\tóm hyXymkanñ. tdma³ It¯men¡m k`bnð I\ymkv{XoIÄ sN¿pó tkh\w ]pcpjòmÀ sN¿póXnepa[nIamWv. As¸mkvXeòmtc¡mÄ apJyØm\amWv I\yIadnbman\p hnip² k` \ðIpI.

A\pcRvP\w {InkvXym\n¡p am{Xañ, am\hPmXnbpsS A\pcRvP\amWv Bhiyw. "Ah\nð kÀÆ k¼qÀ®Xbpw hkn¸m\pw Ah³ {Iqinð sNmcnª càwsImïp Ah³ apJm´cw kam[m\w Dïm¡n, `qanbnepÅtXm kzÀ¤¯nepÅtXm kIes¯bpw Ahs\s¡mïp XtómSp \nc¸n¸m\pw ]nXmhnóp {]kmZw tXmón.' (sImsemÊyÀ 1:19þ20) "A§s\ tbiphns³d \ma¯n¦ð kzÀtñmIcpsSbpw `qtemIcpsSbpw At[mtemIcpsSbpw apg¦mð Hs¡bpw aS§pIbpw Fñm \mhpw "tbip{InkvXp IÀ¯mhp' Fóp ]nXmhmb ssZh¯ns³d alXz¯nómbn Gäp]dIbpw sNt¿ïnhcpw.' (^nen¸nbÀ 2:10þ11) kzÀ¤¯nepw `qanbnepw DÅsXñmw ]nsóbpw {InkvXphnð Hómbnt¨cpI, FóXmWv Imek¼qÀ®XbpsS aÀ½w.

{InkvXym\nIfñm¯hscñmw \cI¯nð t]mIpsaóv thZ]pkvXIw ]Tn¸n¡pónñ. "Bßmhnð Ah³ sNóp, ]ïp t\mlbpsS Ime¯p s]«Iw Hcp¡pó kabw ssZhw ZoÀL£atbmsS Im¯ncn¡pt¼mÄ A\pkcn¡m¯hcmbn XShnepÅ Bßm¡tfmSp {]kwKn¨p.' (1 ]s{Xmkv 3:19) "CXnómbn«tñm acn¨htcmSpw kphntijw Adnbn¨Xp. AhÀ PUkw_Ôambn a\pjysct¸mse hn[n¡s¸SpIbpw Bßmhp kw_Ôambn ssZh¯nsóm¯h®w Pohn¡bpw sNt¿ïXnóp Xtó.' (1 ]s{Xmkv 4:6) ChnsSsh¨v {InkvXphns\ ImWm¯h\v acWm\´cw IïpIqSmsbónñ. kphntijthe acWm\´chpw XpScpw. Death of God Theology þ ¡mcpsS ho£W¯nð ssZhw acn¨p ]mXmf¯nð t]mbn Fñmhtcbpw c£n¡póXphsc ssZhw \cI¯nembncn¡pw FómWv. CXp hyàam¡póXv {InkvXphnð Fñmhscbpw Hóm¡pI FóXmWv ssZh¯nsâ ]caamb e£yw. CXv ssZh¯nsâ kvt\lamWv {]ISn¸n¡póXv. Cu kvt\lw ]caamWv. ImcpWyamb kvt\lw, Fñmw DÄs¡mÅpó kvt\lw, i{Xphns\ an{Xam¡pó kvt\lw, ]mXmfs¯t¸mepw c£n¡pó kvt\lw, AXmWv {InkvXphnsâ kvt\lw þ CsXmópam{XamWv A\pcRvP\amÀ¤w.

{]mÀ°\: Ggv Fgp]Xph«w £an¸m³ Ið¸n¨h\pw A\´ kvt\lhm\pw Cópw £an¡póh\pamb IÀ¯mth, \nsâ kvt\l£Ww A\pcRvP\¯n\p R§sf £Wn¡pt¼mÄ R§Ä ]ckv]cw £an¡msX ITn\lrZbcmbn \nsâ kvt\lw \nckn¡phm³ R§Ä¡nSbmIcptX. "Ct¸mÄ kp{]kmZImew' Fódnªv R§Ä £a kzmb¯am¡pIbpw GhtcmSpw £an¡pIbpw \nsâ cmPyw hcnIbpw sNt¿Wta...