ssZh¯nsâ hN\w Fóp ]dbpóXv Poh\pw ssNX\yhpapÅXmbn Ccphmbv¯ebpÅ GXp hmfnt\¡mfpw aqÀ¨bpÅXmIpóp Fóv F{_mbteJ\¯nð \mw hmbn¡póp. am{Xañ, AXv {]mWs\bpw Bßmhns\bpw kÔnaÖIsfbpw thÀhnSphn¡pwhsc Xpsf¨p sNñpóXpw lrZb¯nse Nn´\§sfbpw `mh§sfbpw hnthNn¡póXpw BIpóp. (F{_mbÀ 4:12) ssZhhN\ kphntij tLmjW§fpsS aÀ½hpw A´k¯bpw CXpXsóbmWv. AXpsImïv kphntij {]kwKthZnIsf {]IS\tafIfmbn IcpXmsX \½psS ImXpIsfbpw a\ÊpIsfbpw XncphN\ kzoIcW kwcw`§fmbn¯ocphm³ X¿mdm¡Wta Fó BapJ Blzm\t¯msS hnjb¯nte¡p IS¡phm³ Rm³ B{Kln¡póp.

\½psS IÀ¯mhmb tbip{InkvXphnsâ ]ckyip{iqjbpsS Bcw`¯nð Xm³ ]{´ïp injyòmsc hnfn¨p thÀXncn¨p Fóp hnip² kphntij§fnð \nópw \mw ]Tn¡póp. ss{IkvXhcmb Hmtcm hnizmknIsf kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw Cu hnfnbpw XncsªSp¸pw AhcpsS hyàn PohnX¯nð F{XIïv {]kàambncn¡póp Fóp hniIe\w sNbvXp Nn´n¡phm³ CShcs« FópIqSn {]mÀ°\tbmsS Rm³ B{Kln¡póp. XncphN\ shfn¨¯nð ssZhhnfnbpsS Nne Ahkc§sfbpw A\p`h§sfbpw Ipdn¨v \ap¡v Nn´n¡mw.

HómaXmbn, IÀ¯mhmb tbiphnsâ hnfnsb ZÀin¡póXv hnip² eqt¡mknsâ kphntijw Aômw A²ymb¯nemWv. tbip Keoe ISð¸pd¯v ]t{Xmknsâ ]SInð CcpópsImïv P\§tfmSv kphntijw Adnbn¡póp. AXn\ptijw AhnsS he IgpIns¡mïncpó BfpItfmSpw AhcpsS Xeh\mb iotam³ ]t{Xmknt\mSpw ]dbpóp, het¯m«p\o¡n he hoipI, Fóv. R§Ä cm{Xn apgph³ A²zm\n¨n«pw Hópw In«nbnñ F¦nepw \nsâ hm¡pt]mse sN¿mw Fóv iotam³ ]t{Xmkv D¯cw ]dbpóp. A{]Imcw AhÀ sNbvXt¸mÄ s]cp¯ ao³sImïv he \ndªp. cïp ]SIpIfpw \ndªp Ihnªp. ]t{Xmkn\v At¸mgmWv hnthN\w DïmbXv. AXp IÀ¯mhmIpóp Fóv Xncn¨dnªn«v, Rm³ ]m]nbmb Hcp a\pjy³ Fóp ]dªpsImïv tbiphnsâ Imð¡ð hogpóp. tbip Aht\mSp ]dbpóp: \o C\ntað a\pjysc ]nSn¡póh\mIpw. Fómð hnip² a¯mbn FgpXnb kphntij¯nsâ \memw A²ymbw ]Xns\«papXepÅ apóp hmIy§fnð tbip iotam³ ]t{Xmkv þ A{´tbmkv ktlmZcòsc hnfn¨p thÀXncn¡qóXnsâ kw£n]vXamb Hcp hnhcWamWv \ðIpóXv. hoïpw hnip² tbmlómsâ kphntij¯nð CXnt\mSp X¯peyamb Hcp thZ`mKw \mw ImWpóp. hnhcWw GItZiw Hcpt]msebmsW¦nepw AhnsS \mw ImWpóXv DbÀs¯gptóÁh\mb IÀ¯mhv Ggp injyòmÀ¡v {]Xy£s¸SpóXpw AhÀ D²nX\mb {InkvXphns\ Xncn¨dnbpóXpamWv.

hnip² ]t{Xmkv Çolmsb tbip hnfn¨pthÀXncn¡póXnsâbpw Fñmw Dt]£n¨v F§s\ ]t{Xmkv tbiphns\ ]n³XpScphm³ X¿mdmbn FóXns\¡pdn¨papÅ Nn{Xw hnip² eqt¡mkv Gh³tKenس \ap¡v \ðInbncn¡póXv hnimeambXpw Hcp {]tXyI BIÀjXtbmSpw IpSnbXpamWv. Cu X\Xmb Be¦mcnIX hnip² eqt¡mknsâ kphntij¯nepS\ofw \ap¡v BkzZn¡phm³ km[n¡póp. \ap¡p e`yambncn¡pó \mep kphntij§fpw \mw Bgambn ]Tn¡pt¼mÄ Hmtcm kphntijI\pw XtâXmb Nne ssZhimkv{X ssienIfpw, DuóepIfpw [Emphasis], ho£W§fpw [Perspective] DÅXmbn \ap¡v a\Ênem¡phm³ km[n¡pw. hnip² eqt¡mkv Gh³tKenØsâ kphntijw \mw ]Tn¡pt¼mÄ AXnð am{Xambn tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«pÅ ]e D]aIfpw kw`h§fpw \mw ImWpóp. apSnb\mb ]p{Xsâ D]a hnip² eqt¡mknsâ kphntij¯nð am{Xw ImWpó Hcp at\mlcamb IYbmWv. \s½ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw CXv Hcp hnizmk¯nsâ hnjbamsW¦nepw, temI¯nð {]kn²cmb GXp IYmIr¯pIÄ AhXcn¸n¨n«pÅXnepw GÁhpw kpµcambn IW¡m¡s¸Spó Hcp sNdpIYbmbn ]ÞnXòmÀ CXns\ hnebncp¯póp. kp{]kn² IYmIr¯v {ioam³ Sn. ]ß\m`sâ {]kn²amb "{]Imiw ]c¯pó s]¬Ip«n' Fó sNdpIYtb¡mfpw at\mlcamWv hnip² eqt¡mknsâ "apSnb\mb ]p{X³' Fó hmKvabNn{Xw.

iacnbm¡mcsâ D]a, [\hmsâbpw emkdnsâbpw D]a, hn[hbpsSbpw \ymbm[n]sâbpw D]a CXymZnIfpw hnip² eqt¡mkv am{Xw tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«pÅhbmWv. tbipX¼pcm³ {]hÀ¯n¨ AÛpX§Ä hnhcn¡pt¼mgpw Xsâ D]aIsf ]IÀ¯pt¼mgpw hnip² eqt¡mkv XncsªSpt¸msS [Selectively] D]Jym\§Ä teJ\w sNbvXv hyXykvX\mbn \ne sImÅpóp. Xsâ kphntij¯nsâ AhXmcnI hmNI¯nð Xsó At±lw AXp hyàam¡pIbpw sN¿póp. "BZn apXð kIehpw kq£vaambn ]cntim[n¨n«p AXp {Iaambn FgpXpóXp DNnXsaóp F\n¡p tXmónbncn¡póp.'

kaql¯nð hnhn[ Xc¯nð XnckvIcn¡s¸« BfpIfpsS D²mcWw IpSnbmbncpóp tbip{InkvXp sNbvXXv Fóp {]Xn²z\n¸n¡pó Hcp Dt±iyamWv hnip² eqt¡mknð {]Xn^en¡póXv. aZy¯nepw ab¡pacpón\pw ASnas¸«v kaqlw XÅn¡fª Hcp sNdp¸¡mcsâ IYbmWv apSnb\mb ]p{X³. \ñ iacnbm¡mcsâ IYbnð Hcp ZfnXs\¸ÁnbmWv ]cmaÀin¡póXv. iacnbm¡mc³ IpXnc¸pd¯p khmcnsN¿pó Hcp [\nI\msW¦nðt¸mepw blpZsâbpw CXc kaql¯nsâbpw Zrãnbnð A[a\mWv. AÊocnb¡mcpsS A[n\nthi¯nsâ k¦c Ahinãambncpó iacnbm¡mÀ¡v sblpZ³ hnthN\w Ið¸n¨ncpóp. A§s\ kaplw `rãv Ið¸n¨ Hcmsf ssZhcmPy¯nsâ {]Xn\n[nbmbn IÀ¯mhv D]an¨t¸mÄ AXv hfsc {]m[m\yt¯msS FgpXphm³ hnip² eqt¡mkv am{Xw Xp\nbpóp. [\hmsâbpw emkdnsâbpw D]abnð tcmKw sImïv kaqlw ]cnXyPn¨ hyànsb A{_lmansâbpw bnkvlm¡nsâbpw bmt¡m_nsâbpw aSnbnð Ccn¯pó Nn{XoIcWs¯ hÀt®mPzeambn DbÀ¯n¡m«phm³ {ian¨ hnip² eqt¡mkv kphntijIcnð hyXykvX\mbncn¡póp.

IÀ¯mhmb tbip{InkvXphnsâ P\\s¯¡pdn¨pÅ kphntijmhXcW¯nepw hnip² eqt¡mknsâ Cu {]tXyIX FSp¯pIm«s¸Spóp. IÀ¯mhnsâ P\\s¯¡pdn¨v AXypóX§fnð \nópw Dïmb ZqXv Ing¡³ tZi§fnse ]ÞnXòmcpw cmPXpeycpamb hnZzmòmÀ¡p e`n¡qóXn\p ap³]pXsó kaqlw AhÚtbmsS t\m¡nbncpó ]mhs¸«hcqw AÚm\nIfpw Bb, hoSpw IpSpw_hpw Dt]£n¨v tZimSIcmbn Pohn¨ncpó, BSnbòmÀ¡v Dïmbn Fó hnhcw hnip² eqt¡mkv {]m[m\yw Ið¸n¨v tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«pïv.

A§s\, temIhpw kaqlhpw XnckvIcn¨ A\p`h§fnemWv ssZhoI kvt\lw {]Xn^en¡póXv Fóv hnip² eqt¡mkv ZÀin¨p. Cu ZÀi\¯nsâ shfn¨¯nð IÀ¯mhmb tbip{InkvXp ]dª D]aIsf, Xsâ `mjm kzm[o\w sImïpw `mh\mssh`hw sImïpw Bßob {]tNmZ\w sImïpw, Hcp AIð¸nX IYt]mse Nn{XoIcn¡phm³ am\pjy thZ\Isf sXm«dnªp ]cnNbapÅ sshZy\mb hnip² eqt¡mkn\p km[n¨p.

Cu Hcp {]tXyIXbpsS ]Ým¯e¯nemWv tbip{InkvXphnsâ hnfntbbpw XncsªSp¸nt\bpw Ipdn¨v \mw ]Tnt¡ïXv. IÀ¯mhmb tbip{InkvXp Xsâ injyòmsc XncsªSp¡póXn\p ap¼mbn tbmlóm³ kv\m]Isâ injyXz¯n\mbn At\Iw BfpIÄ Ahsâ ASpt¯¡qhóp. Np¦¡mÀ ISóphóv tbmlómt\mSp tNmZn¨p: R§Ä F´p sNt¿Ww? \n§tfmSp Iev]n¨Xnð A[nIw Hópw ]ncn¡cpXp Fóp tbmlóm³ AhtcmSp ]dªp. ]SÖ\hpw Aht\mSp: R§Ä F´p sNt¿Ww Fóp tNmZn¨Xnóp: Bscbpw _emð¡mcw sN¿msXbpw NXnbmbn Hópw hm§msXbpw \n§fpsS i¼fw aXn Fópsh¸n³ Fóp AhtcmSp ]dªp. A§s\, km[mcW a\pjysâ PohnXs¯ a\Ênem¡n AXn\\pkcn¨v {IaoIcn¨ Hcp kphntijamWv hnip² eqt¡mkv \ap¡p \ðInbncn¡póXv.

Poh³ ]Wbw sh¨v Bg¡Sensâ \Sphnð t]mbn {]IrXntbmSpw XncameItfmSpw añSn¨v aÕy_Ô\w \S¯n D]Poh\w Ign¨ncpó km[mcW¡mcnð km[mcW¡mc\mb ]t{Xmkns\bmWv IÀ¯mhv Xsâ thebv¡mbn BZyw hnfn¨v thÀXncn¨Xv. ao³]nSn¡ð Fó Xsâ sXmgnenð sshZKv[yhpw {]mhoWyhpw t\Snb ap¡phòmsS Xeh\mb ]t{Xmkv X§fpsS A²zm\ ]cmPbamWv IÀ¯mhnt\mSv AhXcn¸n¨Xv: R§Ä cm{Xn apgph\pw A²zm\n¨n«pw Hópw In«nbnñ. ]ecptSbpw PohnX¯nð ]cmPb§fpsS \SphnemWv ssZhhnfn {ihn¡s¸SpóXv. Xsâ _p²nbpw ]mShhpw ]cnPbhpw ]cmPbs¸« Øm\¯v, Xm³ tbiphnsâ hm¡n\p A\pkcWs¸«Xnsâ ^eambn kp`n£XbpsS AÛpXw ZÀin¨t¸mÄ AXp IÀ¯mshóv hnip² ]t{Xmkv Xncn¨dnªp. Xm³ Xsó¯só apgph\mbpw ssZh¯nsâ hnfn¡p kaÀ¸n¨psImïv IÀ¯mhmb tbip{InkvXphnsâ Imð¡ð hoWp. am\km´c¯n\p tbmKyamb ^ew ]pds¸Sphn¡phm³ Cu kaÀ¸W¯neqsS hnip² ]t{Xmkv tbmKy\mbn. icnbmbpw \½psS PohnX¯n\p AÀ°apïmIWsa¦nð {InkvXphnsâ i_vZw {ihn¡póhÀ am\km´c¯n\p tbmKyamb ^ew Imbn¡Ww. ssZh¯nsâ hnfnsb {i²tbmsS Bgambn {ihn¡pt¼mÄ \½nð Hcp cp]m´c¯nsâbpw ZrV \nÝb¯nsâbpw Blzm\w AXnð DÄs¡mïncn¡pópshóp a\Ênem¡phm³ \ap¡p km[n¡pw. AXphsc ao³]nSn¨p \Sóncpó iotam³ IÀ¯mhmb tbip{InkvXphn\pthïn a\pjymß¡sf ]nSn¡pó Hcp henb ap¡ph\mbn cq]m´cw {]m]n¡pó A\p`hamWv \mw ChnsS ImWpóXv.

hnhn[ taJeIfnðs¸«hsc IÀ¯mhv Xsâ thebv¡mbn hnfn¨p thÀXncn¨p Fóp XncphN\¯nð \nópw \mw a\Ênem¡póp. ]t{Xmkpw A{´tbmkpw ao³]nSn¯¡mcmbncpóp. bmt¡m_pw tbmlóm\pw ]SIp \nÀ½mXm¡fmbncpóp. a¯mbn Np¦w ]ncnhpImc\mbncpóp. FcnhpImc\mb iotam³ hn¹h t\Xmhmbncpóp. Xsâ injyKW¯nð Úm\nIfpw AÚm\nIfpw Dïmbncpóp. PohX¯nsâ Fñm t{iWnIfnepapÅhsc IÀ¯mhn\p Bhiyapïv. Fñm taJeIfnepapÅhscbpw IÀ¯mhv hnfn¨p thÀXncn¡póp. AÔImc¯nð \nópw AÛpX{]Imi¯nte¡p hnfn¨hsâ kðKpW§sf tLmjn¸m\mbn hnfn¨p thÀXncn¡s¸«hcmWv Hmtcm hnizmknbpw. cm{ãob¯nð {]hÀ¯n¡póhÀ¡pw, hym]mcw \S¯póhÀ¡pw, IpSpw_PohnXw \bn¡póhÀ¡pw Fñmw Hcp ssZhhnfn Dïv. \mw Bbncn¡pósXhnsStbm, Asñ¦nð ssZhw B¡nbncn¡pósXhnsStbm, AhnsS hnizkvXXtbmsS ssZhhnfn¡v A\pkcWambn {]hÀ¯n¡pI FóXmWv GÁhpw {][m\amb kwKXn.

cïmaXmbn, \½psS Nn´bv¡v hnjbo`hn¡phm³ B{Kln¡póXv ssZhhnfntbmSpÅ {]XnIcW coXnIsf¡pdn¨mWv. cmPIob BVw`c§fnð kpJtemep]Xbnð hfÀóp hó hyànbmWv tami. Xsâ hÀ¤t¯mSpÅ kvt\lhpw AhÀ¡p \mbI\mbncn¡phm\pÅ B{Klhpw cmPIpamc\p Xpeyamb sIm«mc¯nse {]uVPohnXw Dt]£n¡phm³ tamisb t{]cn¸n¨p. Fómð AXv ssZh¯nsâ ]qÀ®amb hnfnbñ, {]XypX, tamibpsS kzb B{Klw am{Xambncpóp. bn{ktbeyt\mSv A\ymbw ImWn¨ an{kbnays\ sImñpóXn\pw Xsâ PmXnbnð s]«hcpsS hyhlmc¯nð CSs]SpóXn\pw tamisb t{]cn¸n¨Xv Cu hnImcambncpóp.

Fómð tlmsc_v ]ÀÆX¯nsâ AcnInð sh¨v I¯nsbcnbpó apĸSÀ¸nð \nópw btlmhbmb ssZhw tamisb bYmÀ°¯nð hnfn¨t¸mÄ \mbIXzw B{Kln¨ncpó tami AXnð \nópw Hgnªp amdm\mWv {ian¨Xv. Xsâ hnfnbnð \nópw ]n´ncnbphm³ Aôp Imcy§fmWv tami ssZhap¼nð AhXcn¸n¡póXv. tami \nc¯nb Fñm HgnIgnhpIÄ¡pw ssZhw {]Xnhn[n \ðIn tamisb iàoIcn¨p. \nsâ ]nXm¡òmcmb A{_lmansâbpw bnkvlm¡nsâbpw bmt¡m_nsâbpw Rm\mIpóh³ Rm\mIpó btlmhbmb ssZhw Xm\mIpópshóv ^dthms\ Adnbn¡phm\pÅ Úm\hpw, Xsâ ssIIfmepw hSnbmepw AÛpXw {]hÀ¯n¡phm\pÅ iànbpw, Xsâ imcocnI sshIey¯n\p klmbnbmbn hmIvNmXpcyapÅ ktlmZc³ Altdms\bpw tami¡p \ðIn. Ahkm\ambn, thsdbmscsb¦nepw \o Ab¡pI, Rm³ BSpIsf XoÁn Pohn¨psImÅs« Fóp tami adp¯p ]dªt¸mÄ ssZhw tamitbmSp tIm]n¨p. tamisb ssZhw hnfn¨p thÀXncn¨Xv bn{ktbð P\¯nsâ tamN\¯n\p thïnbmbncpóp.

aqómaXmbn, sbi¿mhns\ ssZhw hnfn¨ coXnsb¸Án sbi¿mhnsâ ]pkvXIw Bdmw A²ymb¯nð \mw hmbn¡póp. sbi¿mhns\ ssZhw hnfn¨Xv bmK]oT¯nsâ ap¼nð Bcm[\m kab¯v tZhmeb¯nð sh¨mbncpóp. iapthð {]hmNIs\ ssZhw hnfn¨Xv Gen ]ptcmlnXt\mSpIqsS tZhmeb¯nð hkn¡pt¼mÄ Dd¡¯nembncpóp. hnip² tbmlóm³ Çolmbv¡v shfn]mSpïmbXv Bcm[\bpsS ]Ým¯e¯nembncpóp. ]tßmkv Zzo]nð GI\mbn At±lw Ignbpt¼mÄ I¯rZnhk¯nð Bßhnhi\mbn ZÀi\§sf Iïp. Cu hnfnIfnseñmw {]tXyI Dt±it¯mSp IpSnbpÅ ssZhhnfnbpsS Zriy§fmWv \mw ImWpóXv.

\½psS Bßob PohnX¯nð ssZhhnfntbmSp A\pIpeambn {]XnIcn¡póXv Hcp kn²nbmWv. AtNXamb A]cym]vXX [Unconscious incompetance] , t_m[]qÀÆamb A]cym]vXX [Conscious incompetance] , ktNXamb Imcytijn [Conscious competance] , AtNXamb Imcytijn [Unconscious competance] Fón§s\ hnhn[ ]SnIÄ AXnISópw BÀÖn¨pamWv Cu kn²n \ap¡p e`yamIpóXv. ssZhIc§nð \mw Hmtcmcp¯cpw ssZh¯nsâ D]IcW§fmWv. AXpsImïp Xsó AXnsâ {]tbmK§fpw D]tbmK§fpw sshhn[yamÀóXmWv. h\nXIÄ¡pw IpSpw_ PohnXw \bn¡póhÀ¡pw GXp taJebnð {]hÀ¯n¡póhÀ¡pw ssZhcmPy¯nsâ sI«p]Wnbnð ]¦mfn¯hpw NpaXeIfpw Dïv. CXp Hmtcm hnizmkntbbpw hnfn¨v thÀXncn¨v `ctað¸n¨ncn¡pó \ntbmK§fmWv. \apt¡mtcmcp¯tcmSpapÅ ssZhhnfnbpsS i_vZw {i²n¡phm\pw AXn\\pIpeambn {]XnIcn¡phm\pw AXnsâ e£y{]m]vXn¡mbn \½psS PohnXs¯ {IaoIcn¡phm\pw ssZh¯nsâ ]cnip²mßmhv \ap¡p kwKXn hcp¯s«.